Cognitive Impairment
ED 361
Welcome to the Cognitive Impairment Worksheet for ED 361
Monday, March 23, 2015
Thursday, March 19, 2015
Definition of Cognitive Impairment
Cognitive Impairment (CI) is when a person has an IQ score of 70 or below, difficulty remembering information, understanding new concepts, trouble concentrating, and making decisions that impact their everyday life. Impairment can range from mild to severe.
Other Names:
- Developmental Disabilities
- Mental Retardation
- Intellectual Disabilities
If you’re looking for the technical definition according to MARSE, it can be found on here in Part I, page 13.
Severe Multiple Impairment (SXI) is when someone has more than one disability in cognitive, physical and/or functional abilities. It affects their mobility, behavior, emotion and/or sensory abilities.
SXI can also be found in the MARSE PDF here in Part I, page 22.
Additional Resources to Clarify Definitions:
http://vcbconsulting.com/gtworld/iqgrade.html
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Teaching Strategies for Helping Students with CI
Teaching Strategies for Helping Students With CI
Remember that students with cognitive impairments may succeed using different modifications.
1. Prioritize objectives for students with CI and teach to the most important objectives first.
2. Adapt materials: reduce reading, writing, and language requirements and simplify worksheets
3. Communicate with families to further your understanding and obtain additional information on how students work best.
4. Adapt Evaluation using individual testing, portfolio assessments, tape or video recordings, etc.
5. Provide clear and detailed instructions (verbal and written). Step-by-step instructions may be needed where problem solving is required.
6. Use regular prompting techniques during workshops/tutorials to initiate critical thinking skills
7. Avoid putting the student on the spot
8. Group work modifications
The Student is NOT defined by CI! Inspirational Videos!
Inspirational Videos
Tim's Place
Don't Limit Me
F.A.Q.
1) What are the causes of CI? Is CI often coupled with other disabilities?
“Some early causes of cognitive impairment include chromosome abnormalities and genetic syndromes, malnutrition, prenatal drug exposure, poisoning due to lead or other heavy metals, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), neonatal jaundice (high bilirubin levels developing after birth), hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), complications of prematurity, trauma or child abuse such as shaken baby syndrome, or oxygen deprivation in the womb or during or after birth.” (HealthGrades)
2) Can CI be defined by an IQ score?
“The Center for Disease Control defines cognitive impairment among 8-year-old children by a score of 70 or below on a test of intellectual capability, more commonly known as an IQ test. Levels of cognitive impairment severity are defined by specific IQ ranges. (2)
• Mild Cognitive Impairment – IQ of 50 to 70
• Moderate Cognitive Impairment – IQ of 35 to 55
• Severe Cognitive Impairment – IQ 20 to 40
• Profound Cognitive Impairment – Below 20” (The facts)
3) What can be done to help students with CI?
“Adaptive behavior is the collection of conceptual, social and practical skills that have been learned by people in order to function in their everyday lives. Significant limitations in adaptive behavior impact a person’s daily life and affect his or her ability to respond to a particular situation or to the environment. Standardized testing aims to measure the following skills:
Conceptual skills: receptive and expressive language, reading and writing, money concepts, self-direction.
Social skills: interpersonal, responsibility, self-esteem, follows rules, obeys laws, is not gullible, avoids victimization.
Practical skills: personal activities of daily living such as eating, dressing, mobility and toileting; instrumental activities of daily living such as preparing meals taking medication, using the telephone, managing money, using transportation and doing housekeeping activities; occupational skills; maintaining a safe environment.
A significant deficit in one area impacts individual functioning enough to constitute a general deficit in adaptive behavior.” (Resources)
4) How early can CI be noticed?
“Signs of cognitive impairment can be recognized as early as 2 years of age. These symptoms will occur at varying
levels depending on the severity of the disorder.
• Delays in reaching early childhood developmental milestones
• Difficulty retaining information and learning simple routines
• Confusion and behavior problems in new situations or places
• Short attention span
• Lack of curiosity
• Difficulty understanding social rules
• Sustained infantile behavior into toddlerhood or preschool years
• Difficulty understanding consequences of actions
• Limited and/or inconsistent communication skills
• Lack of age-appropriate self
-help and self-care skills” (The facts)
Resources
HealthGrades Editorial Staff, Cognitive Impairment - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments -BetterMedicine.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/cognitive-impairment
Resources. (2011, March 1). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.thearc.org/what-we-do/resources/fact-sheets/introduction-to-intellectual-disabilities
The facts about Cognitive Impairment. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.siskin.org/downloads/FactsonCognitiveImpairment.pdf
Wednesday, March 18, 2015
References
Adaptive Behaviors. (2015). In C. Lord & J. McGee (Eds.), Educating Children with Autism (pp.103-114). Washington D.C: National Academy of Sciences.
HealthGrades Editorial Staff, Cognitive Impairment - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments - BetterMedicine.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/cognitive-impairment
(n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2015, from http://www.venturacountyselpa.com/Portals/45/usersdata/Community Awareness/MR/STAND UP.pdf
Resources. (2011, March 1). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.thearc.org/what- we-do/resources/fact-sheets/introduction-to-intellectual-disabilities
The facts about Cognitive Impairment. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.siskin.org/downloads/FactsonCognitiveImpairment.pdf
What is the difference between accommodation and modification for a student with a disability? (2013, January 24). Retrieved March 10, 2015, from http://www.washington.edu/doit/what-difference-between-accommodation-and-modification-student-disability
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